近日，在报上读到两则与数字有关的消息：一是北大教授潘维在接受Alec Ash采访时说，上世纪50年代、60年代北大70%是农村学生；今天，这个比例已经不足1%。另一是今年高招北大原来计划在京招生256人，实招368人，扩招112人（扩招率44%）。

　　毋容置疑，改革开放以来，我国国民经济发展了，我国的教育事业也发展了，高等教育的普及率也大大提高了；但是由于经济发展的不平衡，地域的差异、城乡的差别也拉大了，而教育资源的不均衡，教育的不公平也加剧了。

　　这些年随着农村城市化步伐的加快，部分农村人口成了城镇人口，农村学生的比例相对缩小了，加上一些农村子弟弃学、弃考，过早地加入“打工大军”，也使得应考的农村学生减少了，这是客观的事实。但是，除了生源数量的减少，还有更深层次的原因。

　　例如上学的高收费、大学毕业的就业难，使得一些经济尚欠发达的农村地区、偏远地区家境贫寒的学生弃学弃考，“流失”了一些优秀学生；城乡教育资源的不均衡，造成部分地区农村教育质量远逊于城市教育，“埋没”了一些有发展潜质的学生；而近年来不少城市“名校”之间恶性竞争，他们用所谓的“奖学金”和“转学”、“落户口”为钓饵，到县乡镇学校“掐尖”，把优秀的中考生、高中生挖走，用来提高学校的升学率，“转移”了一些高素质的学生。如此一来，经过一层层的自然淘汰，一次次人为的“割韭菜”，最后真正以农村子女身份考入一流大学的学生就变得少而又少了。

　　北大今年在京扩招112人，名义是“本地的优秀学生多”。由于历史的原因和地方利益的纠结，大城市的学生已经是非公平竞争的“既得利益者”，何必“扩招”再扩大已有的不公平？今年北大在13个省市试行了中学校长实名推荐制，其90个名额基本落在了大城市的“名校”，县乡级的学校有几个农村学生能有幸入选？

　　中国教育现在面临的主要问题是教育资源分配的不公平，希望教育部门少些“锦上添花”，多些“雪中送炭”，把名额多投放到农村乡镇、偏远地区、少数民族地区学校，真正为实现教育公平做点实事，真正为农村学生送去教育公平。

    General Introduction

　　I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China. With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering, I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D. graduate program.

　　Education background

　　In 1995, I entered the Nanjing University of Science & Technology (NUST) -- widely considered one of the China’s best engineering schools. During the following undergraduate study, my academic records kept distinguished among the whole department. I was granted First Class Prize every semester, and my overall GPA(89.5/100) ranked No.1 among 113 students. In 1999, I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test. I selected the Shanghai Jiao Tong University to continue my study for its best reputation on Combinatorial Optimization and Network Scheduling where my research interest lies.

　　At the period of my graduate study, my overall GPA(3.77/4.0) ranked top 5% in the department. In the second semester, I became teacher assistant that is given to talented and matured students only. This year, I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department, which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university. Presently, I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excellent Graduation Thesis.

　　Research experience and academic activity

　　When a sophomore, I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research. In 1997, I participated in simulation tool development for the scheduling system in Prof. Wang’s lab. With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab, I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system. It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST. In 1998, I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis & dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant. This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.

　　In 1999, I joined the distinguished Professor Yu-Geng Xis research group aiming at Network flow problem solving and Heuristic algorithm research. Soon I was engaged in the FuDan Gene Database Design. My duty was to pick up the useful information among different kinds of gene matching format. Through the comparison and analysis for many heuristic algorithms, I introduced an improved evolutionary algorithm -- Multi-population Genetic Algorithm. By dividing a whole population into several sub-populations, this improved algorithm can effectively prevent GA from local convergence and promote various evolutionary orientations. It proved more efficiently than SGA in experiments, too. In the second semester, I joined the workshop-scheduling research in Shanghai Heavy Duty Tyre plant. The scheduling was designed for the rubber-making process that covered not only discrete but also continuous circumstances. To make a balance point between optimization quality and time cost, I proposed a Dynamic Layered Scheduling method based on hybrid Petri Nets. The practical application showed that the average makespan was shortened by a large scale. I also publicized two papers in core journals with this idea. Recently, I am doing research in the Composite Predict of the Electrical Power system assisted with the technology of Data Mining for Bao Steel. I try to combine the Decision Tree with Receding Optimization to provide a new solution for the Composite Predictive Problem. This project is now under construction.

　　Besides, In July 2000, I got the opportunity to give a lecture in English in Asia Control Conference (ASCC) which is one of the top-level conferences among the world in the area of control and automation. In my senior year, I met Prof. Xiao-Song Lin, a visiting professor of mathematics from University of California-Riverside, I learned graph theory from him for my network research. These experiences all rapidly expanded my knowledge of English and the understanding of western culture.

　　I hope to study in depth

　　In retrospect, I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience, which has prepared me for the Ph.D. program. My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem, Heuristic Algorithm research (especially in GA and Neural network), Supply chain network research, Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.

　　Please give my application materials a serious consideration. Thank you very much.

　 活动名称：《我的身体》

　　活动目标：

　　1、通过活动，帮助小班幼儿熟悉身体各部位位置和名称。

　　2、在说一说、动一动、想一想中感受身体的奇妙，体验活动的快乐。

　　1)活动重点：熟悉身体各部位

　　2)活动难点：迁移用其他身体部位替换肩膀

　　3)活动过程：

　　(一)、引发兴趣：在音乐伴随下，幼儿与教师一起扮演可爱的小猫唱唱跳跳，体验愉快的情绪。

　　(二)、游戏：“老师说我来做”

　　如摸头、拍肩、跺脚、摸摸小脸、摸摸耳朵等，变换不同身体部位，帮助幼儿熟悉身体各部位位置和名称。

　　(三)、“自己拍手找朋友”

　　教师：我们身体上有许多宝贝，头、肩膀、手、脚、眼睛、鼻子、耳朵等等，我想找个好朋友用身体宝贝做游戏，谁愿意?

　　教师示范：如：拍手拍手——碰肩膀(教师边动作边说，幼儿模仿)

　　鼓励幼儿自己拍手找朋友做动作。教师注意观察幼儿活动，发现幼儿好的想法，及时鼓励，随机捕捉幼儿生成出的有价值信息，给予支持。

　　四、“与好朋友互拍双手动作”

　　教师提供音乐，让幼儿在美妙的音乐声中，与同伴一起体验活动的快乐，感受身体的奇妙。教师注意引导幼儿在活动中积极地表现。

　　五、迁移：

　　教师启发幼儿用其他身体部位替换肩膀。

　　此教案适合小班教学，仅个人观点，欢迎讨论，发表自己的独到观点，得到双赢.